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The Mabuiag or the ''Mabuygilgal'' are an Indigenous Australian group of Melanesian Torres Strait Islander people that are united by a common language, strong ties of kinship and survived as skilled hunter–fisher–gatherers in family groups or clans living on a number of Torres Strait Islands including Mabuiag Island, in the Torres Strait in Queensland, Australia. They in common with all Torres Strait Islanders had a mixed reputation for hostility as well as eagerness to develop trading links with outsiders before they became Christian in the early 1870s.〔(Mabuiag Island mission history from State Library of Queensland website )〕 The language of the island is the Gœmulgau (Mabuylgau) Ya sub-dialect of Kala Lagaw Ya. The society consists of two moieties ("koey buway"), the Gumuligal of Wagedagam ('Rear-Side') on the northwest (''kukidagam'') side of Mabuiag (their totem wind and direction), and the Mabuygilgal people of the Paipaidagam ('Near-Side') on the south-east side (''sagerdagam''), their main totem wind and direction. Sub-buway are those whose wind/direction is the southwest (''zeydagam''), and those whose totem wind/direction is the north-east (''naygaydagam''). ==History== Mabuaig Island, along with many other islands of Torres Strait, was annexed by the State of Queensland in 1879, giving the Queensland Government control over the east-west shipping passage through the Torres Strait, plus some control over movements between Papua and Australia.〔 Prior to the legal recognition of native title indigenous land ownership was assumed to be non-existent, and therefore the Mabuiag people, who maintained continual buwai-based land holding ownership patterns, were in legal limbo, with no traditional rights recognised, but also no citizenship rights either. However, the traditional ownership patterns were unofficially recognised by various European officials. For example, when the Acting Government Resident, Hugh Milman, who was based at Thursday Island), visited Mabuiag Island in 1886 he reported that: ''"..there is no doubt that every acre has a reputed owner, that every grove or single tree of any value has its proper and legitimate hereditary owner"''.〔 After the federation of Australia in 1901, Torres Strait Islanders including the people of Mabuaig island became subject to "protection," and it wasn't until well after World War Two, in the 1960s, that they could get married or travel to mainland Australia or other islands without Queensland Department of Aboriginal and Islander Affairs (DAIA) approval.〔 Since that time, while many are often absent working in industries such as Torres Strait Islander fisheries (pearling industry, crayfishing, etc.) or have moved to Badu Island, Thursday Island, or mainland Australia, some (now estimated at approximately 250) have continued and continuously held on to their traditional tenure ("native title") occupying, using, and enjoying the island and its surrounds in a manner prescribed by traditional law and custom.〔(Mabuiag People v State of Queensland 2000(( FCA 1065 (6 July 2000)). p.9. ) 〕
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